A diamond's Cut is considered to be the most important of the 4 Cs. It is important to understand how a diamond's proportions and the relationship between them affects its brilliance, fire, and scintillation.

Ideal Cut Diamond
Cut, more than any other quality aspect, gives the diamond its sparkle. A diamond gets its brilliance and scintillation by cutting and polishing the diamond facets to allow the maximum amount of light that enters through its top to be reflected and dispersed back. When all the angles are correct, the light that enters is dispersed back through the diamonds top facets.

Inferior Cut Diamonds
Most diamonds are "spread" in their cutting to retain maximum weight from the original rough. A heavier diamond will result, but so does a dramatic sacrifice of potential fire and brilliance. The width and depth have the greatest effect on how light travels within the diamond, and how it exits in the form of brilliance.

Shallow Cut Diamonds
When a diamond is cut too shallow, light leaks out of the bottom, brilliance is lost and the diamond appears watery, glassy and dark. A diamond with these characteristics is referred to as a "fisheye".
Deep Cut Diamonds
When a diamond is cut too deep, light leaks out of the sides, brilliance is lost and the center of the diamond will appear to be dark. A diamond with these characteristics is referred to as a "nailhead".

A diamond cutter spends years mastering his craft, learning how best to cut a rough diamond to achieve the ultimate cut with the fewest imperfections and the least loss of carat weight. The better the cut, the more valuable the diamond.

Diamond Proportions

A diamond's cut is graded by several measurements. Its depth percentage (a measurement of the height vs. the width of the stone) and its table percentage (a measurement of the diameter of the top facet of the stone vs. the stone's average width) are two key factors in determining the quality of a diamond's cut. These percentages are detailed on the GIA Gem Trade Laboratory Diamond Grading Report that accompanies every A. Fishman & Son loose diamond.

Polish & Symmetry
Although polish and symmetry are graded under 10X magnification they can both have an effect on the overall appearance of a diamond. Polish refers to the quality of the diamond's surface and includes such features as nicks, polish lines and abrasions. Symmetry refers to the exactitude of the shape and alignment of the facets.

Some of the symmetry characteristics of round diamonds are listed below:

The polish and symmetry grades are listed in each diamond detail page and within the GIA diamond grading report. GIA graded diamonds will have polish and symmetry grades of excellent (EX), very good (VG), good (G), fair (F), or poor (P).  A. Fishman & Son does not carry lower quality diamonds with polish and symmetry grades of fair or poor.

Diamond Cut Grading
At A. Fishman & Son, our finest and prettiest certified diamonds have been graded by the Gem Trade Laboratory of the Gemological Institute of America (the "GIA"). The GIA diamond grading laboratory is the most respected and prestigious in the world.

GIA Cut Grading Criteria
GIA bases their new (as of Jan. 2006) cut grade on a combination of face-up appearance, design and craftsmanship elements that all contribute to the diamond's fire and brilliance. They employ a predictive computer model, based on over 70,000 individual diamond observations and 38.5 million proportion sets, to determine a diamond's brilliance based on its interrelated measurements. Most GIA diamonds graded prior to January 1st, 2006 will not have a laboratory-assigned cut grade. The GIA cut grade system includes ratings of Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair and Poor. GIA does not assign an Ideal cut and an Excellent rating is their highest grade.  Learn more about the GIA Diamond Grading Report and Diamond Dossier^®.

More About Cut
How Does A. Fishman & Son Grade Diamond Cut?
A. Fishman & Son uses cut grades provided by GIA whenever these are available. Many diamonds graded by the GIA prior to January 1st, 2006 do not have such grading. If a cut grade is not provided by the GIA, A. Fishman & Son has evaluated the overall beauty of the diamond and assigned it a Cut Grade based on both a proportion system that uses measurements of depth and table, and an actual visual analysis of the diamond to determine the amount of brilliance in a particular diamond’s cut and how Pretty it is.

Unlike sites like BlueNile, which can only use a system of statistics to grade the cut of diamonds which they list (but don't own), because they don't have the physical diamond available on hand to look at, A. Fishman & Son owns its diamonds and only purchases diamonds which are pretty and which we can wholeheartedly recommend to you.  That is why we can give you a physical evaluation of our diamonds.

For example, this is BlueNile's cut grading system for Round diamonds.  We think it is very inadequate to allow you to know whether you are getting a pretty diamond worth purchasing.  Here is our evaluation of their criteria based on 60 years of experience in buying and selling diamonds.  The bottom line is that you must speak to a diamond source that really knows diamonds and who spends his own money to purchase them.  That is A. Fishman & Son!

This photo illustrates why we reject diamonds with heavy depths above 63.  The diamond on the right is what you get with such statistics.  That type of diamond will always sell for less than the diamond on the left.  But what are you getting for that lower price?  You are getting a diamond which looks much smaller than it should.  If you figure what you are paying for the effective size of the diamond, what it looks like, you will find that you are paying a lot more for a lot less.

We recommend that you read our articles:

• Beyond the 4 C's: What You  Should Really Know Before You Buy A Diamond,

• Ideal Cut Diamonds: What's it all about? and  

• How do you know if you are buying a Pretty Diamond?

in order to better understand how to purchase a pretty diamond.